Maintaining good oral health during pregnancy is essential for ensuring normal and healthy birth outcomes. During pregnancy, hormonal changes make people more prone to oral diseases like gingivitis and periodontitis. These conditions have been associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes, such as preterm birth and low birth weight. Studies have shown that pathogens like F. nucleatum and P. gingivalis can directly colonize the fetoplacental unit. Despite the strong correlation between periodontal disease and adverse pregnancy outcomes, further research is needed to understand the molecular mechanisms involved and to design effective interventions. Poor dietary habits can also increase the occurrence of dental caries during pregnancy. While dental caries and its treatment were not associated with preterm birth and preeclampsia, untreated dental caries increased the risk of delivering large-for-gestational-age infants. This suggests that the characteristics of mothers with untreated dental caries may contribute to these outcomes.

Scientific evidence confirms the importance of providing preventive oral health care during pregnancy. Periodontal therapy has been shown to decrease the risk of preterm birth in pregnant women with periodontitis. Additionally, research suggests that health professionals are supportive of addressing oral health in pregnancy, and several frameworks have been proposed. There are guidelines available for addressing oral health during pregnancy, which can help guide effective interventions.

Effective oral health promotion during pregnancy requires developing an interprofessional primary care workforce. Regular dental check-ups, proper brushing and flossing, and a balanced diet are essential components of prenatal care that can significantly reduce these risks. Educating women’s health care providers about the importance of oral-systemic health and integrating oral health discussions into prenatal care is crucial. Increased awareness and consistent prevention messages from health professionals can enhance access to oral health care for pregnant women. Non-dental professionals play an important role in connecting pregnant women to oral health care during routine prenatal visits. By implementing these strategies, we can improve pregnancy outcomes and promote better health for both mothers and their babies. For more detailed information, you can explore our publications and additional resources available on our website.

Cluster member, Dr. Abiola Adeniyi, has put together resources on oral health and pregnancy. Find the resources here.